Suffering from brittle or broken nails? The problem could be filing a nail incorrectly. While filing your nails is an essential part of any manicure, using the wrong technique or nail file can weaken the nail plate, leading to splitting, peeling and breakage.
Learning the correct method for filing a nail helps you maintain stronger, healthier nails while achieving your favourite nail shape. Follow our simple guide below to master the technique like a professional.
How to File Your Nails Properly
Choose the Right Nail File
The first step in filing a nail correctly is choosing the right nail file. Pay close attention to the grit, as this determines how coarse the file is.
A lower grit number means a rougher file. For natural nails, always choose a finer grit of around 240 grit, which gently shapes the nail without causing unnecessary damage. Files below 180 grit are generally better suited to acrylic nails rather than natural nails.
Stop Sawing Back and Forth
The biggest mistake people make when filing a nail is using a back-and-forth sawing motion.
Although it may seem quicker, this weakens the free edge of the nail by separating the nail layers, leading to splitting and breakage. If you want healthier natural nails, avoid sawing completely.
File in One Direction
Instead of moving the file backwards and forwards, work on each side of the nail individually.
Start at the base of one side and gently file upwards towards the centre of the tip using smooth strokes in a single direction. Repeat on the opposite side before lightly shaping the top of the nail to your preferred finish.
Using this technique when filing a nail creates a much smoother edge while reducing the risk of damage.
Decide on Your Nail Shape First
Before you begin filing a nail, decide which shape you’re aiming for.
Whether you prefer almond, square, round or oval nails, having a clear goal prevents over-filing and helps maintain as much natural nail length as possible.
Remove Rough Edges
Once you’ve finished shaping, you may notice tiny rough edges underneath the nail.
Simply place the tip of your nail file underneath the free edge and gently flick upwards to remove any remaining filings and smooth the finish.
Filing a Nail Into a Square Shape
Square nails remain one of the most popular nail shapes, particularly for medium and longer nails.
When filing a nail into a square shape:
- Use straight-edge nail clippers if trimming beforehand.
- File straight across the tip using gentle strokes in one direction.
- Keep your nail file perpendicular to the nail to create crisp edges.
- Lightly smooth the corners if needed without rounding them too much.
This creates a clean, modern finish that’s both practical and stylish.
Filing a Nail Into an Oval or Round Shape
Oval and round nails offer a softer, more natural appearance and are less likely to catch or break.
For filing a nail into an oval or round shape:
- Keep both side walls relatively straight.
- Gently round the top corners using light strokes.
- Aim for a symmetrical curve that mirrors the natural shape around your cuticle.
Taking your time creates a balanced, elegant finish that suits most hand shapes.
Common Mistakes When Filing a Nail
Avoid these common habits to keep your nails healthy:
- Using a file that’s too coarse for natural nails.
- Filing back and forth aggressively.
- Applying excessive pressure.
- Filing wet nails, which are more prone to splitting.
- Changing your nail shape halfway through filing.
Small adjustments to your technique can make a huge difference to nail strength over time.
Keep Your Nails Healthy After Filing
After filing a nail, finish by applying a nourishing cuticle oil to hydrate both the nail plate and surrounding skin. Regular moisturising helps improve flexibility, reducing the likelihood of cracks and breakage while keeping your manicure looking its best.
By using the correct nail file, filing in one direction and choosing the right shape from the start, filing a nail becomes a simple step that promotes healthier, stronger nails instead of damaging them.
